Why does the American form of government work?

1. Federalist Essay No. 10: "The second expedient is as impracticable as the first would be unwise. As long as the reason of man continues fallible, and he is at liberty to exercise it, different opinions will be formed. As long as the connection subsists between his reason and his self-love, his opinions and his passions will have a reciprocal influence on each other; and the former will be objects to which the latter will attach themselves. The diversity in the faculties of men, from which the rights of property originate, is not less an insuperable obstacle to a uniformity of interests. The protection of these faculties is the first object of government. From the protection of different and unequal faculties of acquiring property, the possession of different degrees and kinds of property immediately results; and from the influence of these on the sentiments and views of the respective proprietors, ensues a division of the society into different interests and parties."
• The acknowledgment that people take varied standpoints in situations and the idea that the natural self-interest of people contributes to the makeup of society is important for the effectiveness of the American government. The colonies were founded by people who had different opinions from their home countries, and the country as a single unit was founded on a population's idea of liberty which differed from the idea of liberty held by other nations. Despite a wide range of personal goals and opinions, the people who founded the United States were brought together to do so by the diversity in their beliefs and their refusal to support the uniform outlook on what liberty meant that other countries pushed for. The significance of diversity is rooted deeply in American society and allows the American form of government to work.Though the specific goals of individuals may be motivated by their "self-love," as mentioned in this essay, there is are strong connections to the passions of these people that bring them to contribute to society. Because all people have different perspectives, the government thrives when it does not restrict them and considers the same kinds of differences in opinion that made it strive for independence in the first place. The American form of government works because it values representation of the different opinions similar to those which the establishment of the country was founded on.
2. Federalist Essay No. 10: "No man is allowed to be a judge in his own cause, because his interest would certainly bias his judgment, and, not improbably, corrupt his integrity. With equal, nay with greater reason, a body of men are unfit to be both judges and parties at the same time; yet what are many of the most important acts of legislation, but so many judicial determinations, not indeed concerning the rights of single persons, but concerning the rights of large bodies of citizens? And what are the different classes of legislators but advocates and parties to the causes which they determine? Is a law proposed concerning private debts? It is a question to which the creditors are parties on one side and the debtors on the other. Justice ought to hold the balance between them. Yet the parties are, and must be, themselves the judges; and the most numerous party, or, in other words, the most powerful faction must be expected to prevail. Shall domestic manufactures be encouraged, and in what degree, by restrictions on foreign manufactures? are questions which would be differently decided by the landed and the manufacturing classes, and probably by neither with a sole regard to justice and the public good. The apportionment of taxes on the various descriptions of property is an act which seems to require the most exact impartiality; yet there is, perhaps, no legislative act in which greater opportunity and temptation are given to a predominant party to trample on the rules of justice. Every shilling with which they overburden the inferior number, is a shilling saved to their own pockets."
• One main way America's form of government differs from England's form of government is that it does not have one individual, such as a king, in a position to control more than anyone else. The American form of government is able to protect citizens and preserve their rights in a logical way because there are multiple branches of the government in order to have a balance. The American government uses a system that ensures liberty for individuals by making sure no one can be above the law. A person having the power to "be a judge in his own cause" would prevent others from feeling safe. Because people are often focused on what is best for themselves and sometimes do not reason properly or try to look past certain rules, the government works by guaranteeing that a cause must be judged by someone who is not biased. This promotes fairness and even equality and prevents corruption.
3. Federalist Essay No. 51: "There are, moreover, two considerations particularly applicable to the federal system of America, which place that system in a very interesting point of view. First. In a single republic, all the power surrendered by the people is submitted to the administration of a single government; and the usurpations are guarded against by a division of the government into distinct and separate departments. In the compound republic of America, the power surrendered by the people is first divided between two distinct governments, and then the portion allotted to each subdivided among distinct and separate departments. Hence a double security arises to the rights of the people. The different governments will control each other, at the same time that each will be controlled by itself. Second. It is of great importance in a republic not only to guard the society against the oppression of its rulers, but to guard one part of the society against the injustice of the other part. Different interests necessarily exist in different classes of citizens. If a majority be united by a common interest, the rights of the minority will be insecure."
• The American government consists of multiple divisions which are able to keep each other in check and create a balance that allows the people to feel secure. It is dangerous for all of the power in a society, especially one as large and diverse as the United States, to be concentrated in the hands of one individual or unit. For this reason, there are different branches of the government that have their own particular responsibilities while also sharing a responsibility of maintaining order and stability. This form of government works because it ensures that changes must be accommodating to many people before being made, as ideas must be supported by the different divisions of the government, who represent different aspects of the society, rather than just one person or small group.
4. Federalist Essay No. 51: "In a free government the security for civil rights must be the same as that for religious rights. It consists in the one case in the multiplicity of interests, and in the other in the multiplicity of sects. The degree of security in both cases will depend on the number of interests and sects; and this may be presumed to depend on the extent of country and number of people comprehended under the same government. This view of the subject must particularly recommend a proper federal system to all the sincere and considerate friends of republican government, since it shows that in exact proportion as the territory of the Union may be formed into more circumscribed Confederacies, or States oppressive combinations of a majority will be facilitated: the best security, under the republican forms, for the rights of every class of citizens, will be diminished: and consequently the stability and independence of some member of the government, the only other security, must be proportionately increased. Justice is the end of government. It is the end of civil society. It ever has been and ever will be pursued until it be obtained, or until liberty be lost in the pursuit. In a society under the forms of which the stronger faction can readily unite and oppress the weaker, anarchy may as truly be said to reign as in a state of nature, where the weaker individual is not secured against the violence of the stronger; and as, in the latter state, even the stronger individuals are prompted, by the uncertainty of their condition, to submit to a government which may protect the weak as well as themselves; so, in the former state, will the more powerful factions or parties be gradually induced, by a like motive, to wish for a government which will protect all parties, the weaker as well as the more powerful."
• This statement is significant because it recognizes the importance of religious liberty and acknowledges that the government exists to tolerate all of the people rather than just the most powerful. The representation of minorities, as well as majorities, is crucial for the success of the American form of government because a lack of representation is what drove the colonies apart from the British empire and could have the potential to drive groups in America apart from each other as well. The government works by using its power to protect the rights of all of the people in order to maintain control. It would not work for the government to only represent and protect part of the country because all of the different groups and regions must work together for the country to succeed.